Carport made of polycarbonate: manufacturing stages and video. How to make a carport with your own hands! Diagrams and drawings Drawing of a carport

A carport is a lightweight structure designed to preserve and protect a car from bad weather, precipitation, and sun, designed like a roof on supports. They are popular because they are quickly erected, inexpensive, and decorate a personal plot. At the dacha it is an alternative to the garage. If there is a garage on the plot of a country house, the car is placed under a canopy for times when it is not practical to park it in the garage.

A carport is a lightweight structure designed to preserve and protect a car from bad weather, precipitation, and sun, designed like a roof on supports

The area of the carport depends on the size of the car and the number of cars placed. For one car, it must be 5 m long and 2.3 m wide. If an SUV or other large car is placed, then the minimum length increases to 6.5 m, and the minimum width to 3.5 m. If more than one car is placed at the same time , the area is calculated based on the indicated numbers.

The area under the canopy is constructed wider if the vehicle is to be adjusted. It is convenient to provide a table for tools and small benches for rest.

The recommended height of the structure is about 2.5 m. You can calculate more accurately, taking into account the size of the car with cargo on the rack located on the roof of the car. But at high altitudes, slanting jets of rain hit the car, reducing resistance to wind loads.

The area of the carport depends on the size of the car and the number of cars placed.

Carports can be open or closed. The design of open canopies includes supports and a roof. The car is protected only from above, but is open to winds, blown snow, and slanting streams of rain. For better protection, the sides are sometimes sewn up. Such structures are called closed.

Did you know: Installing lighting under the canopy will expand the functionality of the canopy.

The carport consists of the following elements:

sites,
supports,
frame,
roofing covering.

The canopy can be free-standing or attached to a house or other structure. The number of supports for an autonomous carport is calculated depending on the length and width; there should be at least four of them. Typically, supports are installed around the perimeter every 1-1.5 m.

If a carport is attached to the wall of a building, then the number of supports will be halved. One side of the canopy is attached to the wall.

The design of open canopies includes supports and a roof. The car is protected only from above, but is open to the winds

can be made of metal pipes, wooden beams, logs or reinforced concrete pillars. To a greater extent, this depends on the overall design, as well as the material from which the frame and roof are made.

Since the overall weight of the structure is not too large, building a solid foundation will be unnecessary. It is enough to secure the supports. There are three options for securing the supports:

Wells are drilled in the ground under each support, and the supports are filled with concrete.
Under each support, embedded elements with fasteners are concreted, to which the supports are attached. This solution can be used for mobile, collapsible canopies that can be moved to another location.

Before concreting, wooden supports are treated with special compounds against fungi and rot. Steel pipes protect against corrosion.

The site is filled with concrete. The supports are attached to it with anchor bolts.

Platform under a canopy

for cars may be uncoated. This is a cheap but inconvenient option. More often, the site is concreted, laid with paving slabs or covered with decorative gravel. You can install an artificial lawn. It is advisable to dig a drainage hole along the perimeter of the site to drain rain and melt water. The pit is covered with gratings.

Then they build the frame of the carport, which is attached to the supports. The frame is erected from a metal profile, pipes or wooden beams, covered with wooden boards, polycarbonate, and corrugated sheets.

The frame depends on the shape of the roof, which can be:

flat;
single-slope;
gable;
arched.

Each type of roof has its own advantages. Flat ones are used extremely rarely. Its significant advantage is its small area, and, consequently, cost. But on such a roof snow and rain linger, and it becomes necessary to remove them. This sharply limits the construction of such roofs. They are built only when they plan to use the area somehow.

Then they build the frame of the carport, which is attached to the supports.

A pitched roof is the same flat roof, but tilted to one side to drain rainwater. Too much slope makes it easier to clear snow, but significantly increases the windage of the canopy, which means it requires significant reinforcement of the fastening.

Did you know: When calculating the angle of the roof, it is important to take into account the snow load, otherwise the snow may push through the roof.

For a carport, a gable roof is preferable. The ridge knot complicates the frame a little, but you can increase the area without sacrificing strength. For large areas, a multi-pitched roof is built.

The arched roof is original and practical. Snow and water easily roll down it and air flows around it. The only drawback is the limitation in the choice of roofing materials. For example, it is impossible to make a solid slate roof. But arched polycarbonate roofs look great.

For a carport, a gable roof is preferable.

Polycarbonate carports Thanks to the high performance and aesthetic qualities of this material, they are becoming increasingly popular. Cellular and monolithic polycarbonate are used. These carports are distinguished by:

strength;
durability;
fire resistance;
heat resistance;
ease of construction;
ease of assembly and disassembly;
safety;
aesthetic appearance;

Polycarbonate is easy to cut and bend, which provides almost unlimited scope for designers’ imagination.

Polycarbonate is a durable material that can easily withstand wind and shock loads, withstand the weight of snow, a wide temperature range (from -40 to +120⁰C), has a long service life, and does not burn. Does not change its original appearance under the influence of the sun. To enhance this property, types of polycarbonate with ultraviolet protection are produced. The material is available in various colors and shades, is easy to cut, bends, and lends itself well to physical influence, which allows designers to create unique projects. To choose the right polycarbonate, you need to understand that cellular is cheaper and lighter than monolithic. But a monolithic one will last 2.5 times longer and is much stronger. When choosing the color of the roofing covering, the color of the house’s roof and the color scheme of existing auxiliary objects are taken into account. Typically, polycarbonate of the same or contrasting color is selected.

Carports made of polycarbonate are becoming increasingly popular due to the high performance and aesthetic qualities of this material.

Did you know: Yellow, orange, red translucent polycarbonate distorts the color of objects underneath.

Blue, green, milky, and bronze sheets are often chosen for awnings. Opaque black and silver panels can be installed. Metal canopies with forged elements, covered with polycarbonate, look very stylish.

The ease of assembly allows you to create mobile carports that can be assembled only for the summer or moved from one place to another. Maintenance of a polycarbonate carport is very simple. It is enough to wash it with warm water and detergent.

Corrugated sheet or profiled sheet- This is a galvanized metal sheet, which during manufacturing was given a trapezoidal, wavy or other shape. Profiling is done to increase rigidity. Corrugated sheeting is produced with paint or polymer coating

The advantages of corrugated sheeting as a roofing material for a canopy include:

ease of installation;
polymer coating protects against damage and corrosion
light weight
durability;
fire safety;
perfectly withstands temperature changes;
strength;
aesthetic appearance, wide range of colors, bright colors;

Corrugated sheeting is produced with paint or polymer coating

But this material has disadvantages:

If the protective layer is damaged, it is subject to intense corrosion.
It amplifies the sound many times over. During rain or hail, a person standing under a canopy hears a rumble.

It is better to use corrugated sheeting for a pitched or gable roof. Bending it without special equipment is difficult, so making an arched structure is difficult.

Roofing corrugated sheets can be painted or unpainted. Unpainted corrugated sheets are inferior to painted ones in terms of aesthetic properties, but are not inferior in strength and durability. Unpainted corrugated sheeting has a coating (in descending order of performance characteristics):

AK (aluminum-silicon coating), A (aluminum);
AC (aluminum zinc coating);
EOTS (galvanized coating applied by electrolytic hot method).

Corrugated sheeting is best used for a pitched or gable roof

If the roof is made of wooden planks, then they must be tightly fitted, pre-treated with a water-repellent mixture. Treatment will extend the life of the canopy. Still, if we talk about wooden structures, it is more practical to cover the boards with polycarbonate, corrugated sheets, slate, or roofing felt. Looks great, bitumen shingles are easy to install.

Old, time-tested materials look less aesthetically pleasing, but have a low cost: slate, soft roofing materials(roofing felt, bitumen shingles, liquid roofing). Apart from slate, they have a short service life. The roof will have to be updated regularly.

The design of the carport depends on the preferred materials and financial capabilities. It involves a huge number of options and design solutions. The finished carport should fit harmoniously into the overall design of the site and the house. Using modern materials and technologies, you can create an elegant structure that serves as an excellent addition to the landscape design of the site. A pergola with climbing plants: climbing rose, grape, ivy, lemongrass, actinidia, clematis, or wisteria is appropriate next to the carport.

Modern carports

When planning the arrangement of a suburban area, every car owner must allocate a place to place one or even two cars. But even if you have a garage on your property, you don’t always have the time or desire to drive a car into your yard every time you drive into it. A do-it-yourself carport is an excellent addition to a permanent building. The main advantage of arranging such a canopy is the ability to leave the car in the open air, the free movements of which contribute to the rapid evaporation of moisture, thereby inhibiting the process of corrosion of the metal elements of the car.

When choosing a building material for arranging a canopy, many owners of suburban areas opt for wood. Wooden canopies, in comparison with metal structures, have a number of undeniable advantages, the main ones being:

Environmental friendliness of the material;
Lightness of the erected structure;
Easy installation and processing (polishing, painting or varnishing);
Low cost.

Carports come in two varieties: stationary structures and extensions to the building.

In order for the extension of a wooden carport to create a single harmonious architectural ensemble together with other buildings on the site, the same finishing building materials should be used during its construction. To increase the stability of the structure, the pillars are additionally concreted or installed on a previously prepared concrete site.

Attached canopies act as a kind of continuation of an existing structure. One end of the canopy rests on the wall of the house, and the other on the racks

Carports made of wood can also be free-standing stationary buildings. To equip such structures, at least four support posts are used

When planning to build a carport designed to accommodate two or three cars at once, the number of racks can increase to eight or more. On average, when building a carport for several parking spaces, the poles are installed along the perimeter of the site at a distance of a meter and a half from each other.

Material on how to arrange a parking lot for a car in a country house will also be useful:

Choosing the optimal dimensions of the building

When deciding to build a carport on your site, you should first of all decide on the size of the future building.

The dimensions of the building structure depend on the number and dimensions of cars that will be stored under its roof. But in any case, the length and width of the canopy should exceed the dimensions of the car by one or two meters

To accommodate a car 4 meters long, you will need a canopy measuring 5x2.5 m. To store larger vehicles, such as a minivan or jeep, you will need a canopy measuring 6.5 x 3.5 m.

As for the height of the structure, it should be calculated taking into account the height of the car itself and the possible load on the upper trunk. At the same time, a structure that is too high is far from the best option, since there is a possibility of the roof loosening during strong gusts of wind, as well as slanting precipitation.

The optimal ratio of canopy sizes to accommodate one car. On average, the height of the canopy does not exceed 2.5 meters

When planning to build a structure exceeding three meters in height, it is necessary to provide for the installation of powerful transverse beams that will cover the entire perimeter of the canopy, thereby increasing the strength of the wooden structure. The roof should be made with a gable roof, since this arrangement option is considered more reliable.

Stages of building a wooden canopy

When choosing a place to place a canopy, you should give preference to “strategic” points on the site: areas in front of the gate, near the garage, along the garden or vegetable patch. This will make it possible to use the canopy not only to accommodate a car, but, if necessary, to store garden equipment, firewood and harvested crops.

The site for the site should be on a slight elevation, which will prevent the accumulation of wastewater during rainfall

Advice. It is better to choose a site for the site on a slight elevation, which will prevent the accumulation of wastewater during rainfall.

For the same purposes, drainage ditches are dug along the perimeter of the site, which are covered with gratings after completion of construction work.

When choosing corrugated sheeting as a roofing material, it should be taken into account that the sheets are laid with a slight overlap, and their fixation is carried out first in the corners and only then over the entire surface of the product

The sheets are secured to the frame using galvanized self-tapping screws placed on rubber spacers. For more information about installing roofing on a canopy, see the “Roofing Guide” website.

Video example of construction work

You can decorate a canopy that protects your car from bad weather by arranging a pergola with climbing plants on one side of the frame: wild grapes, clematis, roses.

Reading time ≈ 4 minutes

Building a carport for your car is a good modern, economical solution, thanks to which you can protect your vehicle from exposure to precipitation, ultraviolet rays and mechanical stress, and on the other hand, save on building a garage. When building a carport with your own hands, you need to take into account some nuances: for example, the base must support the weight of the car, and the support pillars must be positioned in such a way as not to impede the entry of the car into the site and not interfere with the entry/exit of the car for the driver and passengers.

Scheme

At the beginning of the construction of a carport, you need to prepare drawings, mark the proposed parking area at your summer cottage, level it, remove the top layer of earth by 30-45 cm. Most often, a concrete base is poured on a gravel bed, which can be reinforced with one or two contours of reinforcing mesh. You can use regular compacted gravel. Also, the parking area is laid out with paving stones or tiles. When the base is poured, the embedded parts are immediately installed into it, to which the support pillars will be attached. You can see how to make a carport with your own hands in the following photos.

Assembling a wooden frame

To create the simplest, lightest, most durable canopy, it is most convenient to use a wooden frame. What parts will be needed to build a canopy will be shown in the design drawing.

To do this, you need to purchase boards made of hard, durable wood. Of course, the strongest and most weather-resistant material is larch, which only increases its strength characteristics from exposure to moisture.

But larch is an expensive material, so for a more economical solution you can use pine or spruce boards, which require more careful treatment with protective impregnations and antiseptics.

In our case, we install a canopy attached to the wall of the building. It is easier to make such a structure yourself, because part of the structure rests on the house. To construct the frame, places for installing supports are marked, or they are mounted in already installed embedded parts. The supports must have pre-prepared grooves for mounting horizontal beams. The supports located near the wall are additionally fixed to it using a screwdriver. The supports are installed opposite each other, first on one side, then on the opposite. The number of supports and the pitch between them depends on the length of the car.

After you have checked the verticality and compliance of the heights of the supports, you can begin laying a horizontal beam on them. First, fasteners are mounted to both beams to secure the sheathing at the same distance from each other.

The first beam is placed on supports in the grooves on the wall side and checked with a level to be horizontal.

After which it is fixed to the wall and supports with anchor bolts. On the opposite side, the beam will additionally be supported by spacers (see photo), which are attached to the supports at one end and to the beam at the other. For these works, the best assistant will be a screwdriver.

Horizontal cross members of the sheathing are laid on the beams. They are fixed to the beams using fasteners.

The crossbars on the outside should extend beyond the beams by 10-15 cm.

For additional strength, pairs of outer beams are connected by additional spacers.

The result should be a strong, stable frame. At the end, the protruding ends of the crossbars are covered with boards.

Care and attention to detail will help you build a beautiful and comfortable carport at your dacha with your own hands.

A good canopy at the dacha protects the car from the sun and bad weather. When using a car intensively, a carport is much more convenient than a permanent garage. It’s not difficult to build an original and practical carport with your own hands; use our tips and recommendations.

Having chosen a suitable place, sketch out a plan diagram on paper indicating the exact dimensions, make a calculation and prepare the tool.

Necessary tool

A good owner will have almost all the necessary tools to build a shed. You can always rent what you need or ask a neighbor. There is no need for highly specialized tools, but depending on the materials used for the racks, a different set of tools may be needed:

Entrenching tool: a shovel, a sledgehammer, a pick and a crowbar - will be required for earthworks: leveling the site and digging holes for canopy posts.
Carpenter's Tools: hammer, wood hacksaw, chisel or chisel - used to install wooden posts, joists and sheathing of the shed roof.
Measuring tool: tape measure, spirit level or building level, plumb line, carpenter's angle - necessary in any case for the correct installation and installation of the canopy.
Power tools: drill, turbo sander, screwdriver and bits, jigsaw. And in the case of installing reinforced concrete or metal support posts for a carport, you will need welding machine.

Consumable fastening materials include nails, screws, bolts, metal corners, etc. Their quantity and dimensions are determined depending on the materials and design of the canopy.

Materials and their cost

Calculation of materials is made in accordance with the drawing of the carport. Taking the conditional length of the car to be 4 meters, the planned canopy is 5x2.5 m. If the car exceeds the usual dimensions, a jeep or minivan, the canopy is built somewhat more spacious, approximately 6.5x3.5 m. When designing a canopy, start from the dimensions of the roofing sheets. The height of the canopy should allow the trunk to be opened freely. This is approximately 2.5 meters.

The number of support posts, depending on the material, canopy area and roof weight, ranges from 4 to 10 pieces. If one of the sides is adjacent to the building, fewer racks will be required. Materials for support posts and metal canopy frame:

round pipe with a diameter of at least 1 inch or similar profiled (square or rectangular);
a metal corner with a shelf of at least 50 mm or a channel, T-beam or I-beam with a metal thickness of 3 mm or more.

The cost of a rolled metal profile depends on the grade of metal, the most common for steel 40 GOST 1050-88, and the weight formed by the thickness of the walls. Today, a profile pipe 50x50x3 costs around 250 rubles per meter. Corner 50x50x5 - approximately 200 rubles per meter.

A frame made of wooden beams will cost less. For support posts, 100x100 softwood timber costs approximately 100 rubles per linear meter. Timber for a 50x50 frame costs about 30 rubles per meter. m. The price is affected by the type of wood, humidity and type of wood.

Any materials used for roofing work are suitable for covering the canopy:

1. Corrugated sheeting - with a polymer coating 0.4 mm thick costs from 230 to 400 rubles/m2, similar galvanized sheeting costs from 180-250 rubles/m2. A galvanized steel sheet measuring 1000x2000x0.4 mm costs approximately 3,300 rubles per piece. A galvanized ridge measuring 2000x100 mm will cost 120-200 rubles per piece, and with a polymer coating - 250 rubles per piece. To install a metal roof, you will need additional and drainage elements.

2. Gray slate type SV-40 has 7 or 8 waves with a thickness of 5.8 mm and standard dimensions of 1750x1130 mm, costs 300-330 rubles per sheet. A slate sheet weighs from 19 to 25 kg, depending on the thickness and density of the material. Colored slate will cost a little more - up to 400 rubles per sheet. The disadvantages of slate include the fragility of the material and its heavy weight.

3. Metal tiles 0.4 mm thick cost from 230 rubles/m2. The working width of the metal tile is 1100 mm, the total width is 1180 mm. This is a reliable and lightweight material for canopy roofing. It is easy to transport and install.

4. Plastic roofing is intended for canopies and awnings. As a rule, it is made of polycarbonate or polyvinyl chloride. The standard sheet size is 2000x900 mm or is produced in rolls of 10-20 meters with a width of 1.5 to 3 m. On average, the price of a sheet is around 400 rubles.

Installation of canopy support posts

For the support posts of the canopy, holes 0.7 meters deep are drilled or dug according to the markings. The bottom is filled with crushed stone and compacted. The concreted end of the support post is treated with an antiseptic and bitumen mastic. The support posts, positioned strictly vertically, are poured with concrete. The principle of installing supports is the same for wooden and metal racks.

After the concrete has dried, the truss structure for the roof is mounted on the racks. Wooden support posts are tied around the perimeter with a 50x150 mm board, and a rafter skeleton is installed on the resulting upper crown of the canopy. A 50x100 mm beam with an installation pitch of about a meter is suitable for it. The exact pitch of the rafters is dictated by the width of the roofing material. The rafter beams are installed in places where roofing sheets overlap.

For metal racks, the rafter system is welded on the ground. A rectangular frame is welded from a 50x50 mm corner according to the dimensions of the racks. For the corner gable roof of the canopy, rafters are welded from the same corner. For an arched roof, a metal strip is used. Holes for fastening the roof are drilled in the rafter system. Typically, the pitch of the holes for any type of roof is 10-15 cm. The rafter system is installed on support posts and secured by welding.

Carport roof decking

A sheathing is sewn onto the rafters perpendicular to them. For this, both edged and unedged boards 20x100 mm are used. The first line of the sheathing is placed along the edge of the slope, the top line at the point where the ridge is attached. The distance between the lines is 50-70 cm. The lines should be located in the places where the roof is fastened and overlaps.

Roofing sheets begin to be laid from the bottom corner to the ridge with an overlap of 10-15 cm. The slate is fastened with special galvanized nails with a large head. It is nailed with light rhythmic blows with a hammer on a slate nail installed at the top point of the wave.

For plastic slate and corrugated sheets, galvanized self-tapping screws equipped with special plastic gaskets or press washers are used. Typically, one roofing sheet requires 10-12 self-tapping screws. Roofing sheets are often supplied with a set of fasteners of the corresponding color.

Roofing sheets are attached to the metal canopy frame using bolts with metal and sealing washers or metal self-tapping screws, under which sealing gaskets are installed.

Before you start building a canopy, you need to decide on its functionality, this will help set the dimensions of the building. Next, you will need to make a drawing that will show the main components and dimensions of the structure. On this basis, the loads are calculated, the shape, material, dimensions of the load-bearing structural elements - supports, rafter system, roof - are specified, and the method of fastening is determined.

The strength, safety, and reliability of the structure depend on the correct calculation. In the article we will tell you step by step how to build a canopy with your own hands; photos, drawings, and formulas will help to clearly explain the important design points.

How to make a canopy from corrugated sheets with your own hands, drawings with the dimensions of the main elements of the building

What is needed for drawings and canopy calculations

A canopy is a simple architectural structure consisting of two main structural elements: supports (frame) and a roof. The following data will be required for drawings and calculations:

canopy support form;
functionality, based on this the size of the building is determined;
materials;
tables of wind and snow loads in the region;
type of rafter system.

In order not to get confused in formulas and engineering calculations, it is recommended to use a special program or online calculator for calculations.

Canopy for the house, projects-photos of typical metal structures

Drawings depending on the location of the canopy

To draw up drawings and further calculations, it is first necessary to decide on the construction site; the shape of the support depends on this:

Free-standing - on a separate foundation with supporting vertical pillars along the entire perimeter.
Beam-supported - extensions to a building: one side of the canopy stands on poles, the other rests on a horizontal beam fixed to the wall to evenly distribute the loads along the supporting structure.
Cantilever-supported - extensions to the building, but here the support is on brackets or mortgages arranged in the load-bearing wall.
Cantilever - small canopies over the entrance to the house, supported by mensols or mortgages.

Drawing of a canopy made from a profile pipe, parking for a car on independent supports

Dimensions and functionality

The functionality of the building is very important for drawing up drawings and proper calculation of the canopy. Let's look at typical designs for different types of structures.

Canopies over the front door

The calculation of cantilever canopies is carried out based on the dimensions of the porch. According to the standards, the upper platform should be one and a half times larger than the door width, the average door width is 900 mm, we make the calculation: 900 * 1.5 = 1350 mm - the optimal depth of the roof above the entrance. The width of the canopy depends on the width of the steps + 300 mm on each side.

Drawing of a canopy over the front door

Cantilever-supported canopies are usually arranged over the entire porch area and cover the steps. The depth of the roof is calculated based on the number of steps, the average depth of which according to SNiP is 250-320 mm, plus the upper platform. The calculation of the width of the canopy over the porch is regulated by the standard width of the steps - 800-1200 mm + 300 mm on each side.

We calculate the dimensions:

Standard cantilever visor – 900-1350 mm by 1400-1800 mm.
Cantilever-supported canopy over the porch, example of calculation for 3 steps and a platform: depth (900/1350 + 3*250/320) = 1650 – 2410 mm, width 800/1200 + 300 + 300 = 1400-1500 mm.

Drawing of a beam-supported building with an asymmetrical roof

Verandas and terraces - drawing and calculation

Verandas and terraces are located along one of the walls of the house, so beam-supported and cantilever-supported structures are relevant here. The minimum depth is 1200 mm, the optimal depth is 2000 mm, just at the distance from which the support column is installed.

Drawing of an attached canopy with a support beam

The roof calculation is perpendicular to 2000+300 mm, but a flat roof is only suitable for areas with minimal precipitation; in other regions it is recommended to make a slope of 12-30 degrees. To calculate the depth of the canopy roof you will need the Pythagorean theorem: c 2 = a 2 + b 2.

Calculation example:

If the slope angle = 30°, the adjacent leg (perpendicular depth of the canopy roof) is 2300 mm, the second angle is 60°. Let’s take the 2nd leg as X, it lies opposite the angle of 30°, and according to the theorem it is equal to half the hypotenuse, hence the hypotenuse is equal to 2*X, we substitute the data into the formula:

(2*X) 2 = 2300 2 + X 2

4*X 2 = 5290000 + X 2

4*X 2 - X 2 = 5290000

X 2 (4-1) = 5290000

3*X 2 = 5290000

X 2 = 5290000: 3

X 2 = 1763333, (3)

X = √1763333, (3) = 1327 mm – leg that will be adjacent to the wall of the house.

Calculation of the hypotenuse (roof length with slope):

C 2 = 1327 2 + 2300 2 = 1763333 + 5290000 = 7053333

C = √7053333 = 2656 mm, we check: the leg lying opposite the angle of 30 o is equal to half the hypotenuse = 1327*2 = 2654, therefore, the calculation is correct.

From here we calculate the total height of the canopy: 2000-2400 mm is the minimum ergonomic height, we calculate it taking into account the slope: 2000/2400 + 1327 = 3327/3737 mm – the height of the canopy wall near the house.

How to build a free-standing lean-to canopy from a metal profile with your own hands, drawings of the frame and truss

Attention: The drawing must take into account: the lower the slope of the canopy, the lower its overall height. This parameter is especially relevant if there are windows and doorways in the wall of the house.

Car parking - standard calculation and drawing

Parking lots are arranged as free-standing buildings or beam (cantilever)-supported type. If you plan to make a carport with your own hands, the drawings are made taking into account the class of the car. The width of the parking lot is calculated as follows: car size + 1.0 m on each side, for 2 cars + 0.8 m between them is taken into account.

Drawing of a small structure for a parking lot or utility block

An example of calculating a canopy for a middle-class car, width – 1600-1750 mm, length – 4200-4500 mm:

1600/1750 + 1000 + 1000 = 3600/3750 mm – canopy width;

4200/4500 + 300 +300 = 4800/5100 mm – ergonomic length so that precipitation does not flood the site.

Calculation of the width of the canopy for two cars:

3600/3750 + 800 = 4400/4550 mm.

Often, an arched polycarbonate carport is built for a car with your own hands; drawings of a convenient design on a pile foundation are presented below.

An example of how to build a carport with your own hands, a drawing of an arched metal structure with a polycarbonate roof

Gazebos

Sheds for recreation are usually arranged in the depths of the site; these are free-standing structures on a pile, columnar, strip, or slab foundation. The choice of foundation depends on the dimensions of the structure and the nature of the soil; this must be reflected in the drawings.

The average size of the gazebo is 3*4, 4*4, 4*6 m. To independently calculate the structure and make a drawing, you should take into account the following parameters:

For a comfortable rest of 1 person, 1.6-2 m 2 of floor space is required.
If there is a barbecue under the canopy, then it is recommended to leave a free area 1000-1500 mm wide between the stove and the seating area.
Comfortable seat width 400-450 mm.
The ergonomic size of the table is 800/1200 by 1200/2400 mm, individual calculations are made taking into account 600-800 mm per person.

Drawing of a free-standing wooden gazebo

Basic rules for canopy drawings

When drawing a canopy, it should be taken into account that the minimum height of the structure (from the ground to the lower edge of the roof slope) is 2000-2400 mm, the maximum depends on the type of roofing system.

Roof - what to consider in the drawings

Above, we discussed in detail how to calculate a pitched roof for a canopy; a gable roof is calculated according to the same principle. The angle of inclination depends on the choice of roofing material and the climate in the region:

45-60 o – snowy areas;
9-20 o – windy areas;
15-30 o - universal slope of slopes, almost all types of roofing materials are suitable: corrugated sheeting, roofing felt, soft tiles, slate, polycarbonate, galvanized iron, metal tiles, ondulin, etc.

Single- and double-pitched roofs are optimal for all types of canopies made of wood, brick, concrete, stone, and for forged products. For welded metal structures, an arched roof is increasingly being installed. In order to correctly calculate a canopy made from a metal profile with your own hands, the drawings must reflect, in addition to the size of the building, the radius of the roof arc.

To be fair, let’s say that welded and prefabricated metal structures are crowned not only by arched roofing, but also by other types of trusses. Calculation of a truss for a canopy and calculation of the structure of a canopy depend on the overall dimensions of the building. It is very difficult to calculate the rafter system on your own, so it is better to use an online calculator, contact specialists, or take as a basis a ready-made standard truss project, as in the photo below.

An example of how to weld a truss for a canopy, drawings of typical structures

Materials

Here are standard materials that are suitable for all standard drawings. For wooden canopies:

Supports, piping around the perimeter - profiled or glued beams, 100*100, 150-150 mm, rounded logs with a diameter of 200 mm. The distance between the pillars is 1.5-2.0 m.
Rafters – edged board 150*40 mm.
Lathing – lath 15-20*40, unedged board, moisture-resistant plywood, OSB.

Drawing of a wooden canopy with the estimated dimensions of the main structural components

Metal canopies:

Vertical posts - round pipe with a diameter of 100-150 mm, profiled pipe 50*50, 80*80 - for small structures up to 6 m, 100*100, 150*150* - for large buildings.
Truss for canopy, frame (upper and lower chords) - corrugated pipe 40*40, 40*60, 30*60 mm - depending on the size of the structure, wall thickness 2-3 mm.
The slopes and stiffening ribs of the truss are metal profiles 50*25, 40*20, 25*25 mm, thickness – 2 mm.
Lathing – corrugated pipe 20*25, 20*40 mm.

Drawing of a standard visor

Instructions on how to design a polycarbonate canopy with your own hands - drawings, photos, calculations for a private parking lot

Usually, under a polycarbonate roof, a canopy frame is made from a profile pipe with an edge of 100 * 100 mm. For an accurate calculation, snow and wind loads should be taken into account. To calculate trusses for a canopy with your own hands, you will need the following data:

span size;
drawing with general dimensions of the truss;
calculated metal resistance, Ry= 2.45 T/cm 2 ;
type of fastening of units (bolted, welded);
01.07-85 SNiP loads and impacts;
P-23-81 SNiP steel structures.

Calculation of a truss from a profile pipe for a canopy:

Arched truss for a canopy made of polycarbonate, the radius is easier to calculate graphically

The span between the support pillars is 6000 mm, the distance between the extreme nodes is 6500 mm, the height between the lower and upper chords is 550 mm, the boom f = 1.62 m, the radius is 4100. Hence the length of the profile pipe of the lower chord:

MH = π*R: 180, where

MH - size of the belt pipe from below,

R - arc radius,

MH = 3.14*4.1*93.7147: 180 = 6.73 m.

Top chord pipe length:

MH = 3.141*4.1*105.9776180 = 7.61 m.

Length of rods on the lower chord with 12 spans:

L = 6.73:12 (number of spans) = 0.56 m.

According to calculations, this is what a canopy project made from metal structures will look like

For a polycarbonate canopy roof, you will need to calculate the distance between the lathing. Calculations will require SNiP, the law of theoretical mechanics and strength of materials, so we offer a ready-made table with calculations by specialists.

Table of sizes of canopy sheathing made of metal profiles for different regions